Necticut



(NbModeLf I 2 Shets-SheetZ.

.W. D. DOREMUS.

LOCK.

No. 400,316. Patented Mar. 26, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE l/VILLARD D. DOREMUS, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE OORBIN CABINET LOOK COMPANY, OF NEIV BRITAIN, CON

NECTICUT.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 400,316, dated March 26, 1889 Application filed January 3, 1889.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLARD D. DOREMUS, of WVashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Serial RegisteringLocks; and

. of locking-dog.

I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My inventionrelates to an improvement in serial registering-locks, the object being to provide a lock of the type specified which shall be composed of few parts disposed in a compact and durable form, and which will be certain and reliable in its operation.

IVith these ends in view the invention consists in certain features of construction and combinations of parts, as will hereinafter be described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of one form of my improvement. Fig. 2 is a similar view with the cap removed to show the devices connected with the shackle for locking and releasing it, the shackle being in its locked po-- sition. Fig. is a similar view, the shackle being in its unlocked position. Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken through the case, showing the registering-rings supported therein. Fig. 5 is a detached perspective view of the locking-dog. Fig. 6 is a perspective View of the other side of the same. Fig. '7 is a sectional view of one of the registering-rings. Fig. 8 is a detached plan view of one of the registering-rings. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the inner end of the casing of the registering mechanism. Fig. 10 is a plan view of one of the pinions that engage one of the registering-rings. Fig. 11 is a similar view of the pinion by which the first registering-ring is actuated by the lock-spindle. Fig. 12 is a detached view of the lock-spindle. Fig. 13 is a View in side elevation of the lock with the cap removed to show a modified construction Fig. 14 is a detached view of the modified construction of locking-dog.

A represents the lock-case, which may be Serial No. 295,377. (No model.)

constructed in any desired form and of any suitable material. the barrel a and shackle-case b, the latter being preferably cast solid with the barrel and provided with a cap, 0, which is firmly riveted to the case b. A shackle, B, is pivoted on the pin or post I), and is moved to its open position by means of the coil-sprin g 15 which parts may be of ordinary form and construction. Within the shackle-case b is pivoted a dog, 0, on the pin 1. A coil-spring, 2, encircles the pin or post a, the end 3 of the spring resting on the inner wall of the casing, while its opposite end,4, rests upon the upper surface of the dog and serves to tilt the latter into the position illustrated in Fig. 3, in which position the shackle is unlocked and retracted. The dog 0 is constructed with a laterally-projecting arm, 5, and with a notch or jaw, 6.

\Vhen the free end of the shackle is forced into the casing, it will strike the arm 5 on the dog and turn the latter on its pivotal bearing, so as to cause the jaw 7 on the shackle to engage and interlock with the jaw or notch 6 on the dog, as illustrated in Fig. 2. The dog 0 is constructed with an open slot, 8, within which is pivoted a pawl, 9, the outer end of the latter being forced laterally by means of the spring 10, which is riveted at one end to the dog, its outer or free end pressing against the outer end of the pawl. The under side of the pawl is beveled at 11 for a purpose which will hereinafter be explained.

D represents a spindle, its portion (1 constituting the spindle of the pin-tumbler lock and its portion (1 the spindle of the registering mechanism. The portion d of the spindle projects into the shackle-casing, and its projecting end is provided on its periphery with a series of ratchet teeth or notches, 12, with which engage the pawl 13, pivoted on the floor 1a of the shackle-casing. A spring, 14, serves to retain the pawl 13 in'engagement with the teeth or notches on the end of the spindle, and by these means the spindle D is prevented from being turned backwardly. The extreme end of the projecting portion of the spindle is cut away, thereby forming a The casing A consists of flat face, 15. Vhen the shackle is locked, the dog is held in the position illustrated in Fig. 2, which is in a locked position,by reason of the fact that the lower face, 16, of the pawl 9 rests upon the outer end, 17, of the spindle, and the dog will be retained in such locked position until the spindle isrotated, so that its flat wall or face 15,formed by its cut-away portion is brought into alignment with the beveled lower face, 11, of the pawl, when the latter will be tilted by the spring 2 and caused to assume the position illustrated in Fig. 3, which releases the shackle and allows its spring to throw it backward into its unlocked position. \Vhile the dog is in. this unlocked position, the spindle may be rotated sufliciently to bring the key of the pin-tumbler lock into such position as will allow of its removal from the lock and leave the shackle open. This operation is provided for by the pawl 9, the beveled face 11 of which is engaged by the flat wall or face 15 of the spindle as the latter is turned, thereby forcing the pawl outwardly and enabling the spindle to be turned sufficiently to permit of the retraction of the key. The mechanism is so constructed that the spindle is afforded a positive stop against any forward or backward movement when it is turned to the exact point where the pin-tumblers register and permit of the withdrawal of the key. \Vhen the spindle is turned to this point, the pawl 13 will engage in one of the notches in the spindle and thus operate as a backward stop, holding the spindle against backward movement. At the same instant of time that pawl 13 engages in the notch in the spindle the flat wall on the end of the spindle will have forced the end of pawl 9 into contact with the inner surface of the cap of the shackle-casing, the effect of which is to stop the spindle against further forward movement. Hence the unlocking of the pin-tumbler lock and the withdrawal of the key may be easily and very quickly effected, because of the fact that when the key has turned the spindle to the exact point where the pin tumblers register the spindle is furnished with two rigid steps, which prevent its being moved either back wardly or forwardly, and when in this position the key is free to be withdrawn. When the shackle is forced into the casing, the end of the shackle will strike the arm 5 of the dog and tilt the latter and raise the pawl sufficiently to cause it to engage the extreme end, 17, of the spindle, and thus securely lock the shackle against displacement.

I will now proceed to describe the construction and operation of the serial registering mechanism of the lock. \Vithin the barrel of the casing are snugly fitted to rotate therein any desired number of registering-rings. I have represented the look as being provided with three registering-rings, E, F, and G, al.- though additional rings may be employed, if so desired. Zach ring is numbered successively from O to 9, and as arranged the numbers on the ring E represent hundreds, those on the ring F indicate tens, and those on ring G indicate units. The rings are so arranged within the casing that the numbers thereon will. indicate successively the numbers from 1 up to 999. The ring E is turned out on its face that is adjacent to the inner wall, 18, of the barrel or casing, as represented at 19, and within the annular space formed therein is located a laterally-projecting pin, 20, which engages a pin, 21, that projects outwardly from the wall 18. The ring E is arranged in the casing so that when 0 on the circumference of the ring is opposite the opening 22 in the casing a complete revo lution can be imparted to the ring before it will be stopped by the contact of its pin 20 with the pin 21 projecting from the casing. One side of the ring E is provided with teeth E, with which mesh the teeth of the pinion 23, which is mounted on the shaft 24, one end of which is secured to the casing and the other is supported within a bearing or socket, 25, formed in the inner end, 26, of the pin-tum bler-lock case H. Pinion 23 has secured to one face thereof a small pinion, 27, which is provided with hooked or other suitably-shaped teeth 28, the outer surfaces of which are nearly fiat, and, in connection with the extensions 29, form extended bearings 30 at or near the base of each one of the teeth of pinion 23. Registering-ring F is placed next to the ring E. The face of ring E which is adjacent to the ring E is turned out to form an annular space for the reception and operation of the teeth of pinion 23, while the outwardlyprojecting flange 31 on the ring F fits snugly against the adjacent surface of ring E and forms a snug joint therewith. The inner periphery of the ring F bears on the extended bearings 30 of the pinion 23 and prevents the latter from turning in either direction. The inner periphery of the ring F is provided with a V-shaped notch, 32, in the center of which is a tooth, 33, which projects radially inward. \Vhen the ring F has been rotated so that the tooth 33 engages one of the teeth 28 of the small pinion 27, the extension 2!) or the end of one of the extended bearings 30 will be received within the V-shaped notch, so that the tooth will turn the pinion 23 a dis tance equal to one of its teeth, and thus cause the pinion to move the ring E through onetenth of a circle. After having been moved such distance the ring E is again locked against mot ement in either direction. A pinion, 34, in all respects like pinion 23, is mounted on shaft 2i and meshes with the teeth on the face of the ring F, and the latter is retained against rotary movement by the extended bearings on the small pinion 35, attached to pinion 34, the construction and operation being the same as in the case of the pinion Ring G is provided with a notch and tooth, by which the pinion 341- is rotated. The last pinion, 36, on the shaft 24 is provided with teeth- 37, which engage the teeth on the outer face of the ring G and rotate the latter.

Attached to the pinion 36 is a stop-pinion, 38, which is provided with slots 39, and between the slots is provided with concave bearings 40, which fit the periphery of the spindle and thereby prevent pinion 36 from turning in either direction during an almost complete rotation of the spindle. spindle is formed a notch, 41, having a tooth, 42, projecting therefrom. When the spindle is turned so that the tooth 42 enters one of the slots 39, the end of the concave bearing 40 will be received within the notch 41 and thereby allow the spindle to turn the pinion one tooth and impart one-tenth of a complete revolution to the ring G. I

From the foregoing itwill be seen that for every complete revolution of the spindle the ring G, which registers units, will be turned one-tenth of a revolution and present to view in succession the different numerals from O to 9, and for every complete revolution of the ring G the ring F, which registers tens, will be turned one-tenth of a revolution, while for every complete revolution of the ring F the ring E, which registers hundreds, will be turned one-tenth of a revolution, and as it is impossible to turn the spindle backwardly it will be impossible to reproduce the same nu mber or series of numbers but once without taking the lock apart and readjusting the rings. The pin-tumbler lock may be of any desired construction and arrangement of parts.

In the form of lock illustrated inthe drawings the portion d of the spindle constitutes the spindle of the pin-tumbler lock, it having formed therein a longitudinal key-slot, 43, with which communicate the sockets or holes 44, 45, and 46, which latter register with corresponding holes, 47, 48, and 49, formed in the casing. Within the sockets or holes in the casing and spindle are located the pins J J J, which are forced downwardly into the spindle by means of the spiral springs K. By inserting a key, L, the pins J are lifted, so that their outer ends are brought flush with the surface of the spindle, thereby enabling the latter to be turned by the key. A ring, M, is fitted in an annular groove, m, formed in the lock-case, and is preferably provided with a milled surface, so that it can be readily turned on the casing. Ring M is furnished with an opening, N, which may register with the opening 22 in the lock-casing to allow of the inspection of the numbers on the registeringrings. By turning the ring the solid, portion thereof may be brought over the opening 22 to protect the registering-rings from any injury that might be given them by sharp blows. The registering-rings are inserted in the lock, and each set at O or adjusted so that the O on each ring will be exposed to view through.

the opening in the casing. The shackle In one side of the.

being locked, it cannot be unlocked until the ring G has been turned one tenth of a revolution, so as to expose the figure 1 to view. When this is done, or just before figure 1 is fully exposed to view, the dog which engages the hooked end of the shackle is released therefrom and the shackle is forced open by its spring. Thekey of thelock is turned slightly farther when the pin-tumblers are brought into alignment and the key is then free to be withdrawn while the shackle is unlocked. When the shackle is again locked, it cannot be unlocked until the spindle has been given another revolution and the next number exposed to view on ring G. In this way a series of numbers from 1 to 999 is exposed to view, and it is impossible to reproduce the same number of the series of numbers more than once while the entire series is being produced, because of the provision made in the lock for preventing the spindle from being turned backwardly, and the further provision for stopping all of the rings when the ring E has made a complete revolution. After the entire series of numbers up to 999 has been produced, the lock must be sent back to the manufacturer and taken apart and the rings readjusted again. By using four registering-rings a series of numbers from 1 to 9999 may be produced before it will be necessary to readjust the rings.

In the lock described the key is adapted to be released and removed after the shackle has been unlocked.

In Figs. 13 and 14 I have represented a modi tied construction of dog 0, by the employment of which it will be impossible to remove the key while the shackle is unlocked and only when the shackle is looked. In the modified construct-ion the pawl on the dog is dispensed with and the dog 0 made solid, as illustrated in the drawings. When the spindle has been turned so that the flat face of wall, of its cut-away portion is in alignment with the beveled face 11 on the under side of the dog, the latter is tilted by the spring engaging therewith, and the shackle is released from the dog and thrown open by the spring; but in this construction the spindle cannot be rotated sufficiently to release the key from the pin tumblers of the look, because the solid dog forms an abutment or stop which prevents the further rotation of the spindle, and hence it is impossible to detach the key while the shackle is unlocked or open. By looking the shackle the dog is tilted and moved out of engagement with the side wall of the spindle, thereby allowing the latter to be turned sufliciently to enable the key to be removed from its lock. 1

,As it is evident that many changes might be made in the construction and relative arrangement of the several parts of my improved lock without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, I would have it understood that I do not restrict myself to the particular construction and arrangement of parts shown and described; but,

IIaving fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a lock, the combination, with the lockshackle, of a tilting dog mounted on a stationary bearing, and a loolospindle, the latter constructed to hold the tilting dog in its locked position and to release it and allow the shackle to be unlocked, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the lock-shackle and a tilting locking-dog, of a lock-spindle constructed and arranged to support the locking-dog on its extreme end and provided with a cut-away portion to enable the dog to tilt and release the shackle, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a lock-shackle and a dog for locking and releasing the shackle of the spindle, of a pin tumbler lock and serial registering mechanism, said spindle being constructed to support the dog in its locked position and to allow it to tilt and release the shackle, substantially as set forth.

l. In aserial registering-lock, the combination, with a lock-shackle and a tilting dog for locking and releasing the shackle, of a series of registering-rings, a spindle and gearing for actuating said rings by turning said spindle, the latter being constructed to support the locking-dog in its locked position and to allow it to be released from the shackle when it is desired to unlock the lock, substantially as set forth.

5. In alock, the combination, with a shackle and a tilting or pivoted dog adapted to be engaged with and released from the free end of the shackle, of a spindle constructed to support the dog in its locked position and to allow the dog to tilt and release the shackle, and a device for preventing the spindle from being rotated backwardly, substantially asset forth.

6. In a lock, the combination, with a shackle and a tilting or pivoted dog provided with a spring-actuated pawl, of a spindle provided with a cutaway portion at its end which allows the dog to tilt and release the shackle, the yielding pawl allowing the spindle to be rotated after the dog has tilted and released the shackle, substantially set forth.

7. In a serial i'egisteringlock, the combination, with a pivoted shackle and a pivoted or tilting dog, of a spindle constructed and arranged to support the dog in a position to lock the shackle, said spindle being provided with teeth or notches, and a spring-pawl adapted to engage the teeth and prevent the backward rotation of the spindle, substantially as set forth.

8. In a serial registering-lock, the combination, with a pivoted shackle, a locking device engaging the free end of said shackle, and a spindle constructed and arranged to hold said locking device in contact with the free end of the shackle and release it from engagement therewith, of a series of registering-rings and means for locking the rings against forward movement after the entire series of numbers has been exposed to view, substantially as set forth.

9. In a serial registering-lock, the combination, with a pivoted shackle, a locking device engaging the free end ofsaid shackle, and a spindle constructed and arranged to hold the locking devices in contact with the free end of the shackle and release it from engagement therewith, of a series of registeringrings arranged to encircle the spindle and be actuated thereby, substantially as set forth.

10. In a serial registering lock, the con1bi= nation, with a pivoted shackle, a locking device engaging the free end thereof, and a spindle constructed and arranged to hold the locking devices in contact with the free end of the shackle and release it from engagement therewith, of a series of registering rings arranged to encircle the spindle, gearing for actuating said rings, and devices for preventing the rings from being rotated in either direction only when a ring is shifted to present a new number to view, substair tially as set forth.

11. Inv a serial registering-lock, the combination, with a lock-casing, a shackle, and a locking device engaging the free end thereof, of a series of registeringrings fitted to and supported within the casing, a pin-lock secured within the outer end of the casing, and a spindle that is common to both the pin-lock and to the series of registering-rings, and arranged to hold said shackle-locking device in contact with the free end of the shackle and release it from engagement therewith, substantially as set forth.

12. A serial registering-lock comprising a pin-tumbler look, a series of registei'ingrings, a pivoted or tilting dog for locking and releasing the lock-shackle, and a spindle con structed and adapted to actuate the pin-tumbler lock, the series of registering-rings, and to control the tilting dog, substantially as set forth.

13. In a serial registeringdock the combination, with the spindle of a pin-tumbler lock, of a tilting dog provided with an arm which is engaged and moved by the free end of the shackle, so as to be supported by the end of the spindle, substantially as set forth.

14. In a serial registering-lock, the combination, with the spindle of a pin-tumbler lock and a series of registering-rings, of a tilting or pivoted dog provided at one end with an arm with which engages the free end of the shackle,a spring for tilting the dog to release the shackle therefrom, said spindle being constructed to support the dog in its locked position and to allow it to tilt and release the shackle, substantially as set forth.

15. In a lock, the combination, with a lockshackle and a tilting 1ocking-dog, of a lockspindle, and stops to restrain the movement of the spindle in either direction when it has been rotated, so that the pin-tumblers register and permit of the withdrawal of the key, substantially as set forth.

16. In a lock, the combination, with a cylindrical casing having an opening therein, of an adjustable ring encircling the casing, said ring being formed with an opening adapted to register with the openingin the casing, sub- 10 stantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLARD D. DOREMUS.

Witnesses:

S. G. NOTTINGHAM, G. F. DOWNING. 

